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SourcesThe studies behind what we say about fine lines
Where this comes from.
5 claims · 6 studies.
C15-1
Fitzpatrick VI skin has a natural SPF equivalent of approximately 13.
VerifiedOne source behind this claim
The record
A Comprehensive Review of the Role of UV Radiation in Photoaging Processes Between Different Types of Skin.
C21-2
Topical retinoids increase collagen and normalize keratinocytes/melanocytes, improving wrinkles, texture, and tone.
VerifiedOne of 2 sources behind this claim · see the other
VerifiedOne of 2 sources behind this claim · see the other
The record
Topical tretinoin for treating photoaging: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
C22-1
Thicker/more compact dermis on skin of color makes facial lines less noticeable; higher epidermal melanin makes darker skin more vulnerable to dyspigmentation with age.
VerifiedOne source behind this claim
C22-2
Photoaging from cumulative UV exposure is the greatest contributing factor to visible facial aging.
VerifiedOne source behind this claim
C22-3
Topical retinoids build collagen; on skin of color the gentlest effective strength avoids irritation-triggered PIH.
VerifiedOne of 4 sources behind this claim · see the others
VerifiedOne of 4 sources behind this claim · see the others
The record
Topical tretinoin for treating photoaging: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
VerifiedOne of 4 sources behind this claim · see the others
VerifiedOne of 4 sources behind this claim · see the others
The record
Effects of Topical Retinoids on Acne and Post-inflammatory Hyperpigmentation in Patients with Skin of Color: A Clinical Review and Implications for Practice.