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Eczema in skin of color shows greater extensor involvement, dyspigmentation, and papular/lichenified presentations; erythema is harder to appreciate, leading to underestimation of disease severity.

Eczema in skin of color may appear psoriasiform, lichenoid, scaly or papular with a violaceous color, with higher prevalence of PIH than White patients.

Higher prevalence, persistence, and severity of atopic dermatitis in skin-of-color populations; erythema assessment can underscore severity; greater risk of nodularity and hyper/hypopigmentation.

Black children are at roughly six times greater risk for severe atopic dermatitis than white children.

Pigmentary sequelae (hyper-, hypo-, depigmentation) are a distinct feature of atopic dermatitis in skin of color; xerosis is more visible in melanin-rich skin.

In psoriasis on skin of color, erythema is often less apparent, plaques may appear violaceous or dark brown; delayed diagnosis, greater biopsy reliance, reduced diagnostic accuracy; greater body-surface involvement, thicker scale; PIH can persist for years after resolution.

Plaque psoriasis prevalence is lower in people with skin of color but tends to be more severe; less likely to receive biologic treatment; worse quality-of-life impact.

Black skin shows increased transepidermal water loss, decreased ceramide levels, and lower stratum corneum pH; management emphasizes low-pH products and emollients.

African American skin is characterized by low ceramide levels and high protein cohesion in the uppermost stratum corneum, interpreted in relation to the high prevalence of xerosis.